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Medical Write for Us

Medical Write for Us – The impact of a healthy lifestyle, including diet, on bone health has been well established. A healthy diet pattern rich in fruits and vegetables has been consistently associated with higher bone strength parameters and lower incidence of fractures. In contrast, a diet rich in saturated fatty acids, meat, and processed foods has been associated with no or negative influence on bone health. Previous studies have shown that such diets rich in fats, meat, and processed foods contain high amounts of dicarbonyl compounds (DCs), and their final by-product Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs).

AGEs are a varied group of compounds that formed as a result of spontaneous glycation of amino collections of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids both in vivo and in vitro. Endogenously, the formation of AGEs is enhanced by aging and under the circumstances of oxidative and glycemic stress. Exogenously, the major sources of AGEs are smoking and diet.

According to one estimate, an average human diet consists of approximately 1200 mg of DCs and 75 mg of AGEs per day. DCs, such as methylglyoxal (MG), and AGEs, such as Carboxymethyllysine (CML), constitute a major proportion of our dietary AGEs (dAGEs) intake. The amount of AGEs in Western diet is determined through macronutrient composition, along with processing temperature, time and moisture levels.

Once ingested, it remains uncertain how much of these AGEs and their precursor DCs would be absorbed through the alimentary canal into the circulation with reports varying from 30 to 80%. From circulation, these AGEs eventually bind to proteins with long half-lives, such as collagen in bone.

The accumulation of AGEs in bone has been associated not only with increased collagen cross-linking and stiffness, but also with the activation of inflammatory pathways and reduced bone turnover.